SIMPLE PAST. ACTIVE AND PASSIVE  VOICE

 

Use the Past Simple to express an action that started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.

 

NOUN                     VERB                    COMPLEMENT                 TIME

      I                            studied                 English                       in 2019 / the morning

      He                        went                       to Acapulco              last vacation /week/ month/Friday/year

                                                                                                  2 years /one week/one hour ago

 

Los verbos en pasado se clasifican en dos grupos. Los verbos regulares y los irregulares.

Los verbos regulares en pasado tienen la terminación “-ed”

PLAY                     PLAYED                                I played soccer

STUDY                  STUDIED                              We studied French

LISTEN                  LISTENED                            He listened to music

DANCE                 DANCED                               They danced salsa

WASH                   WASHED                              Luis washed the car

WATCH                WATCHED                            She watched TV

WALK                   WALKED                               Karla walked in the park

COOK                   COOKED                               My mother cooked chicken

 

Los verbos irregulares en pasado  pueden cambiar en una  o varias de sus letras. No tenemos una regla general.

 

EAT                                       ATE                                   We ate pizza

DRINK                                  DRANK                             I drank water

GO                                        WENT                               He went to the school

SEE                                       SAW                                 I saw a a famous person

DO                                        DID                                   They did homework

SPEAK                                 SPOKE                              I spoke English

DRIVE                                  DROVE                              My brother drove a car

RUN                                      RAN                                  He ran in a competition

WRITE                                  WROTE                             She  wrote an email

SWIM                                   SWAM                               My friends swam in a rive

BUY                                      BOUGHT                          Peter bought a new house

TEACH                                 TAUGHT                          The teacher taught new vocabulary

 

I ran in a competition             last year /month / week / summer /

                                                in the morning / in 2017 

                                                one year ago/ two months ago/ long ago

                                                before the class

                                                yesterday

 

SIMPLE PAST -NEGATIVE SENTENCES

I            did not  =   didn't

I           didn’t                        go                   to the school yesterday

 

 

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1. My family _________ pizza yesterday, we ate hamburgers.

2. My mom didn't cook  chicken and soup, she ___________ spaguetti.

3. We _________ pop music, we listened to  rock music.

4. My brother ___________ the dishes yesterday, I washed them.

5. Hedidn't drive   a big bus, he _________ a truck.

6. I _________(see) my friends  last month because I ______(be) at home.

7. We _______ in a river last vacation, we ________ in  the ocean.

8. My teacher _____ mathemathics, he taught Chemistry.

9. My daughter didn't buy  a sweater, she __________ a new t-shirt.

10. I  __________do exercise because I felt tired.

VOZ ACTIVA. The subject of the sentence  performs the action.

 

             SUBJECT                        VERB                                 OBJECT

             I                                      washed                                 the car                

             The student                     wrote                                   an essay  

             Peter                               bought                                  two books             

           

 

VOZ PASIVA. The subject of the sentence  receives the action

 

 

              OBJECT                WAS/WERE            PAST PARTICIPLE

                     The car                 was                              washed                                by me                 

                    An essay                was                              written                                by the students.

                    Two books            were                             bought                                by Peter

 

 

REGULAR VERBS

                               PAST                                     PAST PARTICIPLE

PLAY                     PLAYED                                PLAYED              

STUDY                  STUDIED                             STUDIED

LISTEN                 LISTENED                            LISTENED

DANCE                 DANCED                              DANCED

WASH                   WASHED                              WASHED

WATCH                 WATCHED                           WATCHED

WALK                   WALKED                             WALKED

COOK                   COOKED                              COOKED

 

IRREGULAR VERBS

                                               PAST                                     PAST PARTICIPLE

EAT                                       ATE                                      EATEN

DRINK                                 DRANK                                DRUNK

GO                                        WENT                                  GONE

SEE                                       SAW                                    SEEN

DO                                         DID                                     DONE

SPEAK                                  SPOKE                               SPOKEN

DRIVE                                  DROVE                              DRIVEN

RUN                                      RAN                                  RUN

WRITE                                 WROTE                             WRITTEN

SWIM                                   SWAM                              SWUM

BUY                                     BOUGHT                          BOUGHT

TEACH                                TAUGHT                          TAUGHT

NEGATIVE

ACTIVE VOICE

He did not wash the car.                   He didn’t wash the car

PASSIVE VOICE

The car was not washed by him.         The car wasn’t washed by him.

 - - - -

The stolen Ferrari

Two football fans were arrested last night near the stadium. The suspects were taken to the police station for further investigation. They allegedly stole a brand Ferrari.

The owner of the car told the police that the thieves were wearing a football team jersey. After the suspects were caught, the owner of the car was called to identify the thieves.

 However, the owner of the car said that he had made a huge mistake because the car hadn’t been stolen; the car had been taken by his wife to go to a concert because her car was broken. 

 An apology was offered to the two football fans; besides, the owner of the car offered to give them 5000 dollars to compensate his mistake. The money was not accepted. The two football fans will be released tomorrow morning. 

1. Who was arrested ?

2. Where were they taken ?

3. What was offered to the football fans ?

ANSWER TRUE/FALSE

1. Two football players were arrested 

2.A car was stolen 

3. The car's owner was called by the police.

4. The thieves were identified.

5. Money was accepted by  inocent fans.

6. The football fans were released inmediately.

Subject and object pronouns

Personal subject pronouns act as the subject of a clause. We use them before a verb to show who is doing the verb. We do not usually leave out the pronoun:

 

I           cooked dinner                                       Dinner was cooked by   me

You      wrote a great poem                              A great poem was written by you

He        learned new vocabulary                      New vocabulary was learned by him

She      read an interesting book                     An interesting book was read by her.

We       understood the topic                           The topic was understood by us.

They     painted the house                               The house was painted by them.

 

I played the guitar in the last party.

We didn’t pass the test

He didn’t make his bed.

The homework wasn’t done by them.

She wrote a beautiful song